Login
Indian History
1
Brief Introduction - (CSCE October 2024)
2
Decline of the Mughal Empire - (CSCE October 2024)
3
The Portuguese - (CSCE October 2024)
4
The Dutch - (CSCE October 2024)
5
The British - (CSCE October 2024)
6
The Danes - (CSCE October 2024)
7
The French - (CSCE October 2024)
8
From Trading Company to Political Power - (CSCE October 2024)
9
Characteristic Features of the Administration of East India Company - (CSCE October 2024)
10
The Regulating Act of 1773 - (CSCE October 2024)
11
Pitt's India Act, 1784 - (CSCE October 2024)
12
Charter Act, 1813 - (CSCE October 2024)
13
Charter Act, 1833 - (CSCE October 2024)
14
Charter Acts, 1853 - (CSCE October 2024)
15
Civil Uprisings - (CSCE October 2024)
16
Tribal Uprisings - (CSCE October 2024)
17
Peasant Movements - (CSCE October 2024)
18
Major Causes of the Revolt - (CSCE October 2024)
19
Leaderships of the Revolt - (CSCE October 2024)
20
Reasons for Socio-Religious Reform Movements - (CSCE October 2024)
21
Socio-Religious Reform Movements Based on Geography - (CSCE October 2024)
22
Reforms in Western India - (CSCE October 2024)
23
Reforms in Northern India - (CSCE October 2024)
24
Reforms in Southern India - (CSCE October 2024)
25
Socio Religious Reform Based on Religion - (CSCE October 2024)
26
Government of India Act, 1858 - (CSCE October 2024)
27
The Indian Councils Act of 1861 - (CSCE October 2024)
28
Indian Councils Act of 1892 - (CSCE October 2024)
29
Indian Councils Act of 1909 (Morley-Minto Reforms) - (CSCE October 2024)
30
Government of India Act of 1919 (Montague-Chelmsford Reforms) - (CSCE October 2024)
31
Government of India Act of 1935 - (CSCE October 2024)
32
Causes of Rise of Nationalism in India - (CSCE October 2024)
33
Political Associations before Congress - (CSCE October 2024)
34
Factors Leading to the Foundation of Congress - (CSCE October 2024)
35
Indian National Congress (INC) - (CSCE October 2024)
36
Aims and Objectives of the Congress - (CSCE October 2024)
37
Methods of Political Work - (CSCE October 2024)
38
Limitations of Moderates - (CSCE October 2024)
39
Achievements of the Moderates - (CSCE October 2024)
40
Prominent Moderate Leaders - (CSCE October 2024)
41
Reasons for the Rise of Militant Nationalism - (CSCE October 2024)
42
Methods of Work - (CSCE October 2024)
43
Significance of the Extremists - (CSCE October 2024)
44
Partition of Bengal (1905) - (CSCE October 2024)
45
Prominent Extremist Leaders (Lal-Bal-Pal Trio) - (CSCE October 2024)
46
Partition of Bengal – Annulment - (CSCE October 2024)
47
Revolutionary Activities - (CSCE October 2024)
48
Revolutionary Activities Abroad - (CSCE October 2024)
49
Foundation of All India Muslim League - (CSCE October 2024)
50
Early Career of Gandhi - (CSCE October 2024)
51
Arrival of Gandhi in India - (CSCE October 2024)
52
Initial Satyagraha in India - (CSCE October 2024)
53
Response of Nationalists to British Participation in War - (CSCE October 2024)
54
Home Rule League Movement - (CSCE October 2024)
55
August Declaration (1917) - (CSCE October 2024)
56
Response of Government - (CSCE October 2024)
57
Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, 1919 - (CSCE October 2024)
58
Reason for Launch of NCM - (CSCE October 2024)
59
Special Session of Congress (1920) - (CSCE October 2024)
60
Nagpur Session of Congress (1920) - (CSCE October 2024)
61
Spread of Movement - (CSCE October 2024)
62
Government Response - (CSCE October 2024)
63
Withdrawal of NCM and its Aftermath - (CSCE October 2024)
64
Pro-changers (Swarajists) and No-Changers - (CSCE October 2024)
65
Revolutionary Nationalism - (CSCE October 2024)
66
Simon Commission (1927) - (CSCE October 2024)
67
Nehru Report - (CSCE October 2024)
68
Lahore Session of 1929 (Poorna Swaraj) - (CSCE October 2024)
69
Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha) - (CSCE October 2024)
70
First Round Table Conference (Nov 1930 – Jan 1931) - (CSCE October 2024)
71
Second Round Table Conference (7 Sep - 1 Dec 1931) - (CSCE October 2024)
72
Third Round Table Conference (17 Nov – 24 Dec, 1932) - (CSCE October 2024)
73
Provincial Elections of 1937 - (CSCE October 2024)
74
Congress Ministries’ Resign - (CSCE October 2024)
75
Ramgarh Session (March 1940) - (CSCE October 2024)
76
August Offer-1940 - (CSCE October 2024)
77
Individual Satyagraha (1940) - (CSCE October 2024)
78
Cripps Mission (1942) - (CSCE October 2024)
79
Quit India Movement (1942) - (CSCE October 2024)
80
C.R. Formula (1944) - (CSCE October 2024)
81
Desai-Liaquat Pact - (CSCE October 2024)
82
Indian National Army (INA) - (CSCE October 2024)
83
Attlee’s Announcement (1946) - (CSCE October 2024)
84
Wavell Plan & Shimla Conference - (CSCE October 2024)
85
Cabinet Mission (1946) - (CSCE October 2024)
86
Attlee’s Announcement (1947) - (CSCE October 2024)
87
Mountbatten Plan (3 June, 1947) - (CSCE October 2024)
88
Indian Independence Act of 1947 - (CSCE October 2024)
89
Republics in Ancient India - (CSCE January 2024)
90
Prominent Scholars & Literary Works of Ancient Period - (CSCE January 2024)
91
Religion and Religious Practices during Later Vedic Period - (CSCE January 2024)
92
Mahajanapadas: Important Empires, Economy and Administration - (CSCE January 2024)
93
Sangam Era: Society, Administration and Literature - (CSCE January 2024)
94
Vijayanagara Empire: Administration, Socio-Economic Conditions & Cultural Contributions - (CSCE January 2024)
95
Gupta Empire-Economy, Society & Religion - (CSCE January 2024)
96
Religious Sects/ Movements in Medieval India - (CSCE January 2024)
97
Maratha Empire: Economic and Administrative Systems - (CSCE January 2024)
98
Governors General and Viceroys of British India: Key Events - (CSCE January 2024)
99
Beginning of Modern Nationalism in India - (CSCE January 2024)
100
Peasant & Tribal Movements - (CSCE January 2024)
101
Women’s Movements in India - (CSCE January 2024)
102
British Era Social Reform Measures - (CSCE January 2024)
103
Indian National Movement: Organisations & their Leaders - (CSCE January 2024)
104
Participation of Women in Indian National Movement - (CSCE January 2024)
105
Development of Press in India during British Rule - (CSCE January 2024)
106
British Land Revenue System - (CSCE January 2024)
107
Scientific and Technological Developments in Ancient India - (CSCE January 2024)
108
Indian Philosophy: Important Schools of Thought - (CSCE January 2024)
109
Folk Paintings of India - (CSCE January 2024)
110
Dravidian Temple Architecture - (CSCE January 2024)
111
Major Martial Art Forms of India - (CSCE January 2024)
112
Salient Features of Important Cultural World Heritage Sites in India - (CSCE January 2024)
113
Vedic Civilization: Social, Economic & Political Systems - (CSCE November 2023)
114
Ashokan Rock Edicts - (CSCE November 2023)
115
Mughal Era Land Revenue System - (CSCE November 2023)
116
Development of Art & Literature during Mughal Period - (CSCE November 2023)
117
British Proposals and Missions during National Movement - (CSCE November 2023)
118
Sufi & Bhakti Movement: Personalities - (CSCE October 2023)
119
Buddhism: Major Sites, Stupas, Texts & Scholars - (CSCE October 2023)
120
Early Medieval Dynasties - (CSCE October 2023)
121
Ancient Indian Ports & Trade Centres - (CSCE October 2023)
122
Ancient Indian Archaeological Sites - (CSCE October 2023)
123
British Education System in India - (CSCE October 2023)
124
Pre-Historic Civilization - (CSCE February 2023)
125
Indus Valley Civilization - (CSCE February 2023)
126
Vedic Period Society - (CSCE February 2023)
127
Mahajanapada Era - (CSCE February 2023)
128
Social Structure - (CSCE February 2023)
129
Food - (CSCE February 2023)
130
Dress - (CSCE February 2023)
131
Marriage System - (CSCE February 2023)
132
Caste System - (CSCE February 2023)
133
Death Rituals - (CSCE February 2023)
134
Status of Women - (CSCE February 2023)
135
Forced Labour - (CSCE February 2023)
136
Education System - (CSCE February 2023)
137
Development of Press - (CSCE February 2023)
138
Ancient Indian Philosophy - (CSCE February 2023)
139
Religious System during Harappan Period - (CSCE February 2023)
140
Religious System during Vedic Period - (CSCE February 2023)
141
Religious System of Later Vedic Period - (CSCE February 2023)
142
Jainism - (CSCE February 2023)
143
Buddhism - (CSCE February 2023)
144
Religious System of Mauryan Period - (CSCE February 2023)
145
Religious System of Gupta and post-Gupta Period - (CSCE February 2023)
146
Medieval Philosophical System - (CSCE February 2023)
147
Local Administration - (CSCE February 2023)
148
Judicial Administration - (CSCE February 2023)
149
Key Officers - (CSCE February 2023)
150
Land Revenue System - (CSCE February 2023)
151
Tax System - (CSCE February 2023)
152
Development of Civil Service - (CSCE February 2023)
153
Harappan Period - (CSCE February 2023)
154
Mahajanapada Period - (CSCE February 2023)
155
Urbanization in Medieval India - (CSCE February 2023)
156
Urbanization during the British Period - (CSCE February 2023)
157
Pottery in Ancient India - (CSCE February 2023)
158
Painting - (CSCE February 2023)
159
Music - (CSCE February 2023)
160
Dance - (CSCE February 2023)
161
Indian Theatre/Drama - (CSCE February 2023)
162
Indian Puppetry - (CSCE February 2023)
163
Cave Architecture - (CSCE February 2023)
164
Rock-cut Buddhist Caves - (CSCE February 2023)
165
Temple Building Style - (CSCE February 2023)
166
Delhi Sultanate Architecture - (CSCE February 2023)
167
Major Regional Kingdoms’ Temple Architecture - (CSCE February 2023)
168
Mughal Period Architecture - (CSCE February 2023)
169
European Era Architecture - (CSCE February 2023)
170
Buddhist Art - (CSCE February 2023)
171
Surgery & Ayurveda in Ancient Times - (CSCE February 2023)
172
Mathematics & Geometry - (CSCE February 2023)
173
Astronomy - (CSCE February 2023)
174
Major Social Reformers and Movements - (CSCE February 2023)
175
British Era Customary Laws - (CSCE February 2023)
176
Religious Reform Movements - (CSCE February 2023)
177
Bhakti and Sufi Movement - (CSCE February 2023)
178
Portuguese (1498-1961) - (CSCE February 2023)
179
Dutch (1602-1825) - (CSCE February 2023)
180
British (1612-1947) - (CSCE February 2023)
181
French (1664-1760) - (CSCE February 2023)
182
Peasant Movements - (CSCE February 2023)
183
Tribal Movements - (CSCE February 2023)
184
Major National Movements - (CSCE February 2023)
185
Revolutionary Activities & Organizations of Freedom Struggle - (CSCE February 2023)
186
Regulating Act, 1773 - (CSCE February 2023)
187
Pitts Act, 1784 - (CSCE February 2023)
188
Charter Act, 1793 - (CSCE February 2023)
189
Charter Act, 1813 - (CSCE February 2023)
190
Charter Act, 1833 - (CSCE February 2023)
191
Charter Act, 1853 - (CSCE February 2023)
192
Government of India Act, 1858 - (CSCE February 2023)
193
Indian Council Act, 1861 - (CSCE February 2023)
194
Indian Council Act, 1892 - (CSCE February 2023)
195
Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909 - (CSCE February 2023)
196
Montague-Chelmsford Reforms, 1919 - (CSCE February 2023)
197
The Government of India Act, 1935 - (CSCE February 2023)
198
Major Harappan Sites and their Features - (CSCE February 2023)
199
Major Inscriptions & their Features - (CSCE February 2023)
200
Major Battles and Treaties - (CSCE February 2023)
201
Various Organizations and their Leaders in Modern India - (CSCE February 2023)
202
Major Newspapers and Literary Works - (CSCE February 2023)
203
Important Sessions of Congress - (CSCE February 2023)
204
Governor Generals and Viceroys and Major Events their Regime - (CSCE February 2023)
205
Committee, Commission and Proposals/Recommendations - (CSCE February 2023)
206
Important Terminologies related to Ancient and Medieval India - (CSCE February 2023)
207
Rulers of Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire: Chronology - (CSCE February 2023)
208
Indus Valley Civilization - (CSCE February 2022)
209
Habitation Site along Mythical River ‘Saraswati’ - (CSCE February 2022)
210
Important Aspects of Vedic Age (1500 – 600 BCE) to Remember - (CSCE February 2022)
211
Economy, Social Life and Polity during Vedic Age - (CSCE February 2022)
212
Various Religions (Buddhist) - (CSCE February 2022)
213
Various Religions (Jain) - (CSCE February 2022)
214
Mauryan Period - Major Rulers and their Contributions - (CSCE February 2022)
215
Post-Mauryan Period - Major Dynasties - (CSCE February 2022)
216
Major Developments during Post-Mauryan Period - (CSCE February 2022)
217
Thaporunai River (Thamirabarani) Civilization - (CSCE February 2022)
218
Ancient Temple of Gupta Period - (CSCE February 2022)
219
Kalamkari Painting - (CSCE February 2022)
220
Meenakari - (CSCE February 2022)
221
Rudreshwara Temple - (CSCE February 2022)
222
Cave Paintings - (CSCE February 2022)
223
Vijay Nagar Empire - (CSCE February 2022)
224
Why Religious Movements Emerged - (CSCE February 2022)
225
Bhakti Movement in South India - (CSCE February 2022)
226
Bhakti Movement in North India - (CSCE February 2022)
227
Sufi Movement - (CSCE February 2022)
228
Nihangs - (CSCE February 2022)
229
'Janjatiya Gaurav Divas' marks Birth Anniversary of Birsa Munda - (CSCE February 2022)
230
Ahom Kingdom (Prime Minister’s visit to Sivasagar’s Jerenga Pothar in Assam) - (CSCE February 2022)
231
Slave Dynasty/ Mamluk/ Ilbari Dynasty (1206-1290) - (CSCE February 2022)
232
Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320) - (CSCE February 2022)
233
Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414) - (CSCE February 2022)
234
Sayyid Dynasty (1414-51) - (CSCE February 2022)
235
Maratha Empire - (CSCE February 2022)
236
Mughal Empire - (CSCE February 2022)
237
Rise of Independent Kingdoms - (CSCE February 2022)
238
Arrival of Europeans - (CSCE February 2022)
239
Constitutional Structure of British State in India - Acts and Laws - (CSCE February 2022)
240
Civil, Police and Judicial Reforms under British - (CSCE February 2022)
241
Education in British India - (CSCE February 2022)
242
Consolidation of Power by British in India - (CSCE February 2022)
243
Impact of British Rule on Indian Economy - (CSCE February 2022)
244
Moplah Rebellion - (CSCE February 2022)
245
Socio-Religious Movements - (CSCE February 2022)
246
Tribal Movements - (CSCE February 2022)
247
Gurudwara Reform Movement - (CSCE February 2022)
248
Ramakrishna Mission (Prabuddha Bharata) - (CSCE February 2022)
249
Social Reformers and Movements - (CSCE February 2022)
250
Pre-INC Organizations and Founders - (CSCE February 2022)
251
Formation of Indian National Congress - (CSCE February 2022)
252
Extremist Phase of Freedom Struggle (1905-16) - (CSCE February 2022)
253
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre - (CSCE February 2022)
254
Indian Freedom Struggle (Post-Gandhi) - (CSCE February 2022)
255
Intermediate Events - (CSCE February 2022)
256
The Later Mughals - (CSCE April 2018)
257
The Rise Of Regional States - Bengal - (CSCE April 2018)
258
The Rise Of Regional States - Awadh - (CSCE April 2018)
259
The Rise Of Regional States - Hyderabad (1724-1760) - (CSCE April 2018)
260
The Rise Of Regional States - Mysore - (CSCE April 2018)
261
The Rise Of Regional States - Punjab - (CSCE April 2018)
262
Arrival of Portuguese in India - (CSCE April 2018)
263
Arrival of Dutch in India - (CSCE April 2018)
264
Arrival of Danish in India - (CSCE April 2018)
265
Arrival of British in India - (CSCE April 2018)
266
Arrival of French in India - (CSCE April 2018)
267
Expansion Of British Power India - (CSCE April 2018)
268
Administrative Mechanism to Annex Princely States - (CSCE April 2018)
269
19th Century Eastern India - (CSCE April 2018)
270
19th Century Western India - (CSCE April 2018)
271
19th Century North India - (CSCE April 2018)
272
South India and Caste Movements - (CSCE April 2018)
273
The Cause of Revolt - (CSCE April 2018)
274
The Course Of Revolt - (CSCE April 2018)
275
Tribal, Civil and Peasant's Uprising - (CSCE April 2018)
276
Some of the Important Tribal Movements - (CSCE April 2018)
277
The Revolt Of Peasant Movements - (CSCE April 2018)
278
Factors Responsible for the Growth of early Nationalism in India - (CSCE April 2018)
279
The Indian national Congress - (CSCE April 2018)
280
Early Congress and British - (CSCE April 2018)
281
The Moderate Phase (1885-1905) - (CSCE April 2018)
282
Indian National Movement (1905-1918) - (CSCE April 2018)
283
Partition of Bengal, 1905 - (CSCE April 2018)
284
Second Phase of Revolutionary Activities - (CSCE April 2018)
285
Revolutionary Movements in Bengal - (CSCE April 2018)
286
Arrival of Gandhiji in India-Jan 1915 - (CSCE April 2018)
287
Other Political Parties and Movements (1922-27) - (CSCE April 2018)
288
Struggle Of Freedom Phase (1930-47) - (CSCE April 2018)
289
Second World War and National Movement - (CSCE April 2018)
290
Individual Satyagraha (17 October 1940) - (CSCE April 2018)
291
Cripps Mission, 1942 - (CSCE April 2018)
292
Subhash Chandra Bose & INA Trials - (CSCE April 2018)
293
Royal Indian Navy Revolt, 1946 - (CSCE April 2018)
294
C. Rajgopalachari Formula (1944) - (CSCE April 2018)
295
Desai-Liaqat Pact - (CSCE April 2018)
296
Wavell Plan (1945) - (CSCE April 2018)
297
Shimla Conference,1946 - (CSCE April 2018)
298
Demands of Muslim League - (CSCE April 2018)
299
Election of 1945-46 - (CSCE April 2018)
300
Cabinet Mission, 1946 - (CSCE April 2018)
301
Direct Action Day, 16th August 1946 - (CSCE April 2018)
302
The Constituent Assembly of India - (CSCE April 2018)
303
Atlee’s Declaration – February 20, 1947 - (CSCE April 2018)
304
Administrative Reforms During British Rule In India - (CSCE April 2018)
305
British Economic Policy and Its Impact - (CSCE April 2018)
306
Stages of British Rule/Colonialism in India - (CSCE April 2018)
307
British Land Revenue System in India - (CSCE April 2018)
308
Administrative Policies of British (1757-1857) - (CSCE February 2020)
309
Land Revenue Policies of British - (CSCE February 2020)
310
Commercial Policies of British - (CSCE February 2020)
311
The Revolt of 1857 - (CSCE February 2020)
312
Congress Rule in Provinces - (CSCE February 2020)
313
Cripps Mission - (CSCE February 2020)
314
Revolutionary Terrorists - (CSCE February 2020)
315
Communalism in India - (CSCE February 2020)
316
Timeline: Evolution of the Two-Nation Theory - (CSCE February 2020)
317
Peasant Movements - (CSCE February 2020)
318
Peasant Activity in Provinces - (CSCE February 2020)
319
Working Class Movement - (CSCE February 2020)
320
Temple Entry Movements - (CSCE February 2020)
321
Gurdwara Reform Movements - (CSCE February 2020)
322
European Settlements and British Conquest of India - (CSCE February 2020)
323
Rise of British Empire in India - (CSCE February 2020)
324
Early Indian Responses to British Rule - (CSCE February 2020)
325
Nationalist Movement (1858-1905) - (CSCE February 2020)
326
Reasons for Rise of Militant Nationalism - (CSCE February 2020)
327
Partition of Bengal (1905) - (CSCE February 2020)
328
Anti-Partition Campaign and Swadeshi Movement under Extremist - (CSCE February 2020)
329
Differences in Moderates and Extremists - (CSCE February 2020)
330
Congress Split at Surat (1907) - (CSCE February 2020)
331
Rise of Revolutionary Terrorism - (CSCE February 2020)
332
First World War and Indian Nationalism - (CSCE February 2020)
333
Ghadar Movement, 1914 - (CSCE February 2020)
334
Home Rule League Movement, 1914 - (CSCE February 2020)
335
Gandhi’s Struggle in South Africa - (CSCE February 2020)
336
How South Africa Evolved Gandhi? - (CSCE February 2020)
337
Gandhi’s Struggle in India - (CSCE February 2020)
338
Cause of the Non-Cooperation Movement - (CSCE February 2020)
339
Method and Spread of the Movement - (CSCE February 2020)
340
Decline of the Movement - (CSCE February 2020)
341
The Years Of Stagnation - Swarajists And No-Changers - (CSCE February 2020)
342
Gandhi’s Instructions for Future Action - (CSCE February 2020)
343
Mass Civil Disobedience - (CSCE February 2020)
344
Multiple Forms of Upsurge - (CSCE February 2020)
345
Impact of the Salt Satyagraha - (CSCE February 2020)
346
Government Response - (CSCE February 2020)
347
The Years from 1932-34 - (CSCE February 2020)
348
National Movement: 1939-1942 - (CSCE February 2020)
349
Quit India Movement - (CSCE February 2020)
350
Indian National Army - (CSCE February 2020)
351
INA Trials and Mutiny in the Forces - (CSCE February 2020)
352
Prehistoric India - (CSCE January 2019)
353
Indus Valley Civilization - (CSCE January 2019)
354
Early Vedic Period - (CSCE January 2019)
355
Later Vedic Period - (CSCE January 2019)
356
Praninent Dynasties - (CSCE January 2019)
357
Delhi Sultanate - (CSCE January 2019)
358
Mughal Empire - (CSCE January 2019)
359
Maratha & Shivaji - (CSCE January 2019)
360
Literature, Music, Art & Architecture - (CSCE January 2019)
361
Indo-Islamic Culture - (CSCE January 2019)
362
Advent of the Europeans - (CSCE January 2019)
363
Later Mughals - (CSCE January 2019)
364
Rest of India after Mughals - (CSCE January 2019)
365
Economic Policies - (CSCE January 2019)
366
Commercialized Policies - (CSCE January 2019)
367
Policies by British - (CSCE January 2019)
368
The Revolt of 1857 - (CSCE January 2019)
369
Thinkers in Modern India - (CSCE January 2019)
370
Freedom Struggle - (CSCE January 2019)
371
Civil and Tribal Rebellion - (CSCE January 2019)
372
Charters Act - (CSCE January 2019)
373
Administrative Policies - (CSCE January 2019)
374
Education Policy - (CSCE January 2019)
375
Judicial Reforms - (CSCE January 2019)
Content Index
Architecture
Socio-Religious Reform Movements
History Of Modern India
Ancient India
Medieval India
Mughal Empire
European Settlements In India
The Rise Of British Power
Administration Before 1857
Resistance Against British Rule
The Revolt Of 1857
Reforms In British Administration After 1858
Rise Of Indian Nationalism
Foundation Of Indian National Congress
Moderate Phase (1885-1905)
Era Of Militant Nationalism (1905-1917)
Foundation Of All India Muslim League
Emergence Of Gandhi
First World War And Nationalist Response (1914-1919)
Non-Cooperation & Khilafat Movements
Emergence Of Nationalist Activities (1922-29)
Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-34)
Round Table Conferences
Nationalist Movement (1934-39)
National Movement During The Second World War
Freedom With Partition
Log Out
×
Are you sure you want to log-off?
Cancel
×
Dear Readers
Out of all the study materials published in this issue, you can study any five for free. To study further content, subscribe the e-magazine edition or buy monthly issue.
