Extremist Phase of Freedom Struggle (1905-16)

The extremists or the aggressive nationalists believed that success could be achieved through bold means. Their objective was to attain Swaraj or complete independence and not just self-government.

  • Important extremist leaders were Lala Lajpat Rai (also known as ‘Punjab Kesari’), Bal Gangadhar Tilak (Published weeklies The Mahratta and Kesari; and started festivals Ganpati Visarjana and Shivaji Jayanti), Bipin Chandra Pal and Aurobindo Ghosh.

Causes for the rise of Extremism in Indian Freedom Struggle

  • The failure of Moderates to bring any notable change except for Indian Council’s Act 1892.
  • Socio-economic deprivation of Indians by British and its exaggeration by natural phenomena like famine, ....
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Indian History