Explain the cause of degradation of wetland ecosystem. Also explain its social, ecological, and environmental importance.
Answer: Wetlands are ecosystems saturated with water either reasonably or permanently. They include mangroves, marshes, rivers, lakes, deltas, flood plains, flooded forest, and marine areas which are not deeper than 6 meters at low tides.
In India, nearly 4.6% of its land is wetland and total 48 sites designated as ‘Wetland of International Importance’ by Ramsar Convention.
Environmental Advantages of Wetland Ecosystems
- Habitat to plants and animals
- Water regulation and recycling
- Flood control
- Erosion control
- Food, fisheries production
- Carbon sequestration
Factors Attributed to Degradation of Wetlands
- Rising urbanization
- Changing land-use pattern by including more land under agriculture
- Pollution or eutrophication due to fertilizer and pesticides run ....
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