Discuss the cause of depletion of mangroves and explain their importance in maintaining ecosystem.
Answer: Mangroves forest evolved in those soils which have high salt content and less oxygen. It grows in areas having temperature 26 to 350C.
Due to this harsh condition, mangroves develop breathing roots/ pneumatophores to take oxygen from atmosphere. Mangroves also develop succulent leaves to store water and wax coating to minimize evaporation.
Thus, mangroves grow in tropical and subtropical region mostly along the coastline.
In comparison to the world, Asia has largest mangroves cover where South East Asia has largest among Asia. In India, mangroves cover 4921 km2 which is 3.3% of world mangroves cover.
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