India’s Groundwater Resource: Issues and Management Challenges
In India, groundwater is a critical resource for agriculture, industry, and domestic use, which is facing depletion due to over-extraction, pollution, and inadequate management. Addressing these challenges is crucial for sustaining water security and ecosystem health across the country.
Major Issues
- Agricultural Demand: India uses about 89% of its groundwater for irrigation.The Green Revolution in Punjab led to extensive groundwater extraction, causing levels to decline by 1 meter per year.
- Urbanization and Industrial Use: Rapid urbanization in cities like Bengaluru has decreased groundwater levels by 10 meters over two decades.
- Falling Water Tables: Over-extraction in states like Haryana, Tamil Nadu, and Rajasthan ....
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