Question : Analyse the factors responsible for the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-31). How far were its aims realised in the Government of India Act of 1935.
(2005)
Answer : The Civil Disobedience movement launched in March 1930 opened a new era in India’s struggle for independence. It began with the Dandi March, when Gandhiji along with his 78 followers started from his ashram at Sabarmati on a march to Dandi on the sea coast on foot. The civil disobedience was launched due to variety of reasons, mainly related to developments in 1920s.
To begin with, the year 1927 witnessed many portents of national recovery. There ....
Question : Explain the attitude of the Indian National Congress towards the constitutional changes of 1909, 1919 and 1935.
(1998)
Answer : The British Government played the game of 'Divide and Rule'. While suppressing the militant nationalists, it tried to win over moderate nationalist opinion so that the militant nationalists could be isolated and suppressed. To placate the moderate nationalists, it announced constitutional concessions through the Indian Councils Act of 1909 which are known as the Morely-Minto Reforms of 1909. The Morely-Minto Reforms increased the number of elected members in the Imperial Legislative Council and the provincial ....
Question : The Montague Declaration (20 August 1917) was observed more closely in the 'realm of imperial relations' than anything else.
(1998)
Answer : In 1918, Edwin Montague, the secretary of State, and Lord Chelmsford, the Viceroy, produced their scheme of constitutional reforms which led to the enactment of the Govenrment of India Act of 1919. The Provincial Legislative Councils were enlarged and the majority of their members were to be elected. The provincial governments were given more powers under the system of Dyarachy. Under this system some subjects, such as finance and law and order, were called 'reserved' ....
