Enforcement of Fundamental Duties

Constitutional Provisions: Article 51(A) describes 11 fundamental duties — 10 came with the 42nd Amendment; the 11th was added by the 86th Amendment in 2002.

Legal Provisions

  • No person can disrespect the National flag, Constitution of India and the National Anthem under the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971.
  • The Protection of Civil Rights Act (1955) provided for punishments in case of any offence related to caste and religion.

Judicial Pronouncements

  • The Supreme Court’s in the Ranganath Mishra judgment stated that fundamental duties should not only be enforced by legal sanctions but also by social sanctions.

Important Points

  • Other ....
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Indian Polity And Governance