​Magnetofossils in Ladakh’s Rock Varnish

  • Magnetofossils, fossil remains of magnetic particles from magnetotactic bacteria, were found in rock varnish layers in Ladakh.
  • Rock varnish, rich in manganese, iron, and clay minerals, forms in extremely dry and cold environments and provides nutritional support to microorganisms.
  • Researchers observed similarities between Ladakh's rock varnish and that seen on Mars during Perseverance rover operations.
  • Ladakh's rock varnish samples showed higher concentrations of oxidized manganese (Mn4+) and carboxylic acid functionality, indicating organic signatures.
  • Rock varnish is considered an archive of ancient environmental records and a significant geomaterial for astrobiological studies.
  • Identifying biotic signatures in rock varnish can help target potential biosignatures on Mars and other ....
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