Art and Culture of Jammu and Kashmir

Language and Literature

Kashmiri (Koshur) is the primary language, spoken by both Kashmiri Pandits and Muslims. It belongs to the Dardic subgroup of the Indo-Aryan languages.

  • The valley has produced iconic poets and mystics like Lal Ded and Sheikh-ul-Alam, whose verses are steeped in spirituality.
  • Modern poets like Mehjoor and Abdul Ahad Azad have enriched Kashmiri literature with themes of love, nature, and social justice.
  • Dogri is the primary language of Jammu. The Dogri literary tradition includes folklore, songs, and poetry.
  • The region has a rich tradition of folk tales and Bhakh, a type of devotional singing.

Important Literary Figures

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