GPSC Prelims Exam 2024

  • Article 12: The word ‘State’ has been defined in this article, according to which the State includes -
    • Federal Government, Parliament of India, State Governments, State Legislatures, Local bodies i.e. Municipal Corporations, Municipalities, Panchayats, District Boards and statutory or non-statutory authorities etc.
    • The units involved in it can be challenged in court on violation of fundamental rights.
  • Article 3 (Reorganization of States): Any ordinance related to changing the boundaries of states can be introduced in the Parliament only after the prior approval of the President.
    • Before recommending, the President sends that ordinance to the legislature of the concerned state for its opinion, ....
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