Irrigation
Increase in agricultural production and productivity depends, to a large extent, on the availability of water.
Hence, the importance of irrigation is, however, the availability of irrigation facilities which is highly inadequate in India.
For example, in 1950- 51, gross irrigated area as percentage of gross cropped area was only 17%. Even now 60% of gross cropped area depends on rain i.e rainfed. That is why Indian agriculture is called a gamble in the monsoon. India's nearly 142 million hectares of net sown area, only about 64 million hectares, less than half, has assured access to irrigation facilities.
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