Biodiversity Hotspots in India: Endemic Species & Threats

1. Himalayas

• Geographic Span of Himalayas: All the mountain peaks towering above 8,000 meters, including Mt. Everest, belong to the expansive Himalayan hotspot. Encompassing over 3,000 kilometers across northern Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, and parts of northwest and northeast India, it harbors some of the planet's deepest river gorges.
• Size and Division: Spanning around 7.5 million square kilometers, the Himalayan mountain range splits into two main sections: the Eastern Himalaya, comprising segments of Nepal, Bhutan, and the north-eastern Indian states, and the Western Himalaya, which includes areas of northwest Kashmir, Kumaon-Garhwal, and northern Pakistan.
• Diverse Ecosystems: The Himalayas host various ecosystems, such ....