Ecological Relations

Ecological relationships describe the interactions between and among organisms within their environment. These interactions may have positive, negative or neutral effects on either species' ability to survive and reproduce, or “fitness”. By classifying these effects, ecologists have derived five major types of species interactions: predation, competition, mutualism, commensalism and amensalism.

Predation and Parasitism: One Wins, One Loses

  • Predation includes any interaction between two species in which one species benefits by obtaining resources from and to the detriment of the other.
  • While it is most often associated with the classic predator-prey interaction, in which one species kills and consumes another, ....
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Bio–Diversity And Environment