​Fundamental Duties

The Fundamental Duties are defined as the moral obligations of all citizens to help promote a spirit of nationalism and to uphold the unity of India.

  • These duties, set out in Part IV–A of the Constitution, are concerned with individuals and the nation.
  • The Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution are inspired by the Constitution of erstwhile USSR.

Constitutional Provision - Article 51A

  • The Fundamental Duties are enshrined in Indian Constitution in Part-IV A under Article 51A. These were incorporated by The Constitution (42nd Amendment) Act, 1976.
  • Article 51A describes 11 Fundamental Duties: ‘a-j’ (see below) were added with the 42nd Amendment, 1976 ....
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