Poverty is associated not only to insufficient income or consumption, but also to insufficient outcomes with respect to health, nutrition and literacy, to deficient social relations, to insecurity, and to low self-confidence and powerlessness.
Health and Nutrition Poverty : One could focus on the nutritional status of children as a measure of outcome, as well as on the incidence of specific diseases (diarrhea, malaria, respiratory diseases) or life expectancy for different groups within the population.
Education Poverty : One could use the level of literacy as the defining characteristic, and some level judged as the threshold for illiteracy as the “poverty line”. ....
