Coal remains the bedrock of India’s energy economy, commanding a 55% share of the primary energy mix, the third‐highest among Group of 20 (G20) countries.
India is the world’s second‐largest coal market, with plentiful domestic reserves.
Indian mines produce over 700 million tonnes (Mt) of coal per year, mostly in the eastern part of the country in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh.
The vast majority of production comes from open pit mining. Since the 1970s, government‐owned Coal India Limited (CIL) has been the dominant coal producer and today it is the world’s largest coal mining company, supplying over 80% of the country’s ....
