Reaping India’s Demographic Dividend: Opportunities and Challenges - By Chronicle Editorial Team

In the long run, rather than relying solely on GDP growth – a metric that ignores societal schisms, environmental degradation, and citizen well-being – the growth philosophy should emphasize fair progress that promotes social cohesion and trust.

Recently, India attained a Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.0, which is lower than the replacement level of 2.1, according to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5). The TFR in urban areas is 1.6, whereas in rural regions it is 2.1, according to the NFHS-5 (2019-21). In addition, there are now 1,020 women for every 1,000 men in India. These indeed are encouraging developments.

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