Chronicle: Nurturing talents since 1990

• 1 BRICS and the Global South - By Alok Singh
• 2 Decarbonising India’s Transport Sector - By Noopur Joshi

• 1 NEP 2020: Building the Foundations of Viksit Bharat
• 2 AI in Traditional Medicine: Bridging Ancient Knowledge with Modern Science
• 3 India’s Urban Cyber Preparedness: Challenges and Imperatives
• 4 Terrorist Financing Risks: A Threat beyond Borders
• 5 India’s Clean Energy Milestone: A Beacon for the World
• 6 Biostimulant Controversy in India
• 7 Urban Resilience in India: Blueprint for Sustainable Survival
• 8 India’s Bioeconomy: A Catalyst for Sustainable and Equitable Development
• 9 Roadmap to Boost Sustainable Farming
• 10 National Sports Policy, 2025
• 11 Skills for the Future: Transforming India’s Workforce Landscape
• 12 India’s Current Trade Negotiations
• 13 NISAR: A New Era in Earth Observation

• 1 Cabinet Approves PM Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana
• 2 IBA Urges Swift Migration to ISO 20022 to Safeguard Cross-Border Payments
• 3 Small and Medium Real Estate Investment Trust
• 4 Internal Insurance Ombudsman Framework
• 5 Code of Conduct for Regtech Firms

• 1 Devolution of Funds under Panchayati Raj System
• 2 Bharat NCX 2025
• 3 RPL Launched under Aadi KARMAYOGI Mission
• 4 Grant in Aid to National Cooperative Development Corporation Scheme
• 5 Swachh Survekshan 2024-25

• 1 India-UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement: Towards A New Era
• 2 India & Maldives Strengthen Partnership
• 3 China Begins Construction of World’s Largest Dam on Brahmaputra
• 4 India & Namibia Deepen Engagement
• 5 India–Argentina: Advancing Strategic Partnership

• 1 NASA Launches Sounding Rocket to Study Sun’s Chromosphere
• 2 Black Hole Merger Detection
• 3 Indigenous Pollution Control Vessel ‘Samudra Prachet’
• 4 Indian Navy Launches Final ASW Shallow Water Craft ‘Ajay’
• 5 Indian Navy Commissions ‘INS Nistar’

• 1 International Court of Justice Ruling on Climate Change
• 2 Melting Glaciers Could Trigger Volcanic Eruptions
• 3 Centre Relaxes Rules on Sulphur Dioxide Emission Controls in TPP
• 4 Kaziranga Conducts First-Ever Grassland Bird Census
• 5 New Frog Species Discovered in Meghalaya

• 1 Demographic Dividend to Development Drive: India's Youth in Focus
• 2 Kashi Declaration
• 3 SC Guidelines to Protect Mental Health of Students
• 4 India Accounted for 6.4% of Global ‘Zero-dose Children’ in 2024
• 5 Findings of PARAKH Rashtriya Sarvekshan 2024

• 1 Kala Utsav 2025
• 2 Behdienkhlam Festival
• 3 Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Temple
• 4 Maratha Military Landscapes Added to UNESCO World Heritage List
• 5 1,000 Years of Rajendra Chola’s Legendary Maritime Expedition

• 1 India’s First Globally Recognized Equine Disease‑Free Compartment
• 2 India’s First AI University
• 3 Agri‑Tech Innovation Hub & Agri‑Tech Startup & Technology Showcase
• 4 CM Yuva Conclave & Expo 2025
• 5 State Cleanliness Workers Commission

Indian Economy

Economic Growth And Development

• 1 India’s Economic Growth: Key Statistics & Trends
• 2 Rising Employment Gap despite Strong GDP Growth
• 3 Potential GDP: Determinants and Hindrances
• 4 Inclusive Growth in India
• 5 Rising Income Inequality
• 6 Informal Sector Inclusion in GDP
• 7 Viksit Bharat@2047 & $5 Trillion Economy Roadmap

Fiscal Policy & Public Finance

• 1 Debt Management
• 2 GST: Current Scenario, Impacts & Concerns of States
• 3 Centre-State Fiscal Imbalances
• 4 Direct vs Indirect Subsidies - WTO Concerns
• 5 Need for Monetary-Fiscal Policy Coordination

Monetary Policy & Banking Sector

• 1 RBI’s Monetary Policy Framework
• 2 Digital Banking
• 3 Inflation: WPI vs CPI Trends and Targeting
• 4 Tools of Liquidity Management
• 5 Banking Health Indicators
• 6 NBFC Sector
• 7 Priority Sector Lending
• 8 Role of Scheduled Commercial Banks & PCA Framework

Agriculture & Rural Economy

• 1 Agriculture’s Role in GDP and Employment
• 2 Minimum Support Price (MSP)
• 3 Public Distribution System (PDS)
• 4 Agricultural Credit
• 5 Recent Agricultural Marketing Reforms
• 6 Integrated Farming Systems & Agro-Tech (AgriStack)
• 7 Crop Diversification: Challenges and Technological Opportunities
• 8 Horticulture & Allied Sector
• 9 Food Processing Industry
• 10 Import Dependence in Edible Oils
• 11 Scalability Challenges in Natural Farming

Industry

• 1 Manufacturing Sector in India
• 2 MSMEs
• 3 Textile Industry
• 4 Automobile Industry
• 5 India's Pharmaceutical Sector

Infrastructure

• 1 Investment in Infrastructure: Role in Inclusive Growth
• 2 Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) in Infrastructure
• 3 Regional Air Connectivity
• 4 Logistics Infrastructure & Supply Chain Resilience
• 5 Smart Cities Mission & Urban Infrastructure
• 6 Railway Infra
• 7 Defence Industrial Corridors
• 8 Inland Waterways

Services Sector & Knowledge Economy

• 1 Services Sector: Contribution to GDP and Employment Trends
• 2 E-Commerce & Quick Commerce
• 3 Telecom Sector
• 4 IP Regime
• 5 India’s Focus on R&D and Innovation

Employment, Labour & Social Protection

• 1 Labour Market Dynamics
• 2 Four Labour Codes: Merits, Criticisms & Progress
• 3 Skill India & Entrepreneurship
• 4 Social Protection for Gig Workers

External Sector & Trade

• 1 Trade Trends 2024-25: Deficit, Composition, Export Markets
• 2 DI Inflows: Sectoral Distribution & Reforms
• 3 WTO Negotiations: Agriculture, TRIPS, Subsidies, Fisheries
• 4 India’s Export Competitiveness

UPSC

Paper I

• 1 Discuss the mythological significance of the Chakra symbol in Indian traditions.
• 2 While regionalism in India has often served as a medium for cultural assertion and developmental demands, it can also pose challenges to national integration. Analyse.
• 3 In India, fertility rate has fallen below replacement level. Analyse the implications of this in the context of India’s demographic transition.
• 4 The concept of "Sponge Cities" is gaining attention in urban areas. Discuss this in the context of ecological stress caused by unplanned urbanisation in India.

Paper II

• 1 Digital access has become the 'new gateway' to participatory democracy in India. In this context, how does the 2025 Supreme Court judgment declaring digital access as a fundamental right strengthen participatory democracy? Explain with suitable examples.
• 2 The Small Island Developing States (SIDS) of the Indian Ocean are not only vulnerable regions but also strategic partners in India’s Indo-Pacific vision. Discuss.
• 3 In the Indian parliamentary system, Department-Related Standing Committees (DRSCs) are often called 'mini-parliaments.' Examine.
• 4 In India’s parliamentary structure, the Rajya Sabha is often considered a secondary chamber. Critically examine.

Paper III

• 1 What is Flexible Inflation Targeting (FIT)? In the context of India’s emerging macroeconomic scenario, evaluate its effectiveness in achieving its stated objectives.
• 2 "Emerging technologies offer transformative capabilities in border management, but also pose operational challenges." Analyze this statement in the context of India’s efforts to modernize its border infrastructure and surveillance capabilities.
• 3 “India’s air defence system stands as a multi-layered, technologically sophisticated framework that shields the nation from diverse aerial threats.” Explain.
• 4 How can the AgriStack initiative contribute to increasing agricultural productivity and income in India? What concerns have emerged regarding its implementation?

Paper IV

• 1 Reports of deepfake videos and AI-generated misinformation are steadily rising in India, often resulting in reputational harm and mental distress. In light of such developments, what are the ethical dimensions of human behaviour in the digital world? How can families and educational institutions contribute to fostering digital responsibility and empathy among youth?
• 2 “Punishing corruption without addressing the mindset behind it is a short-term fix.” How can a shift in attitudes among public servants and citizens contribute to long-term anti-corruption efforts?
• 3 “The consequences of moral actions may not be immediate, but they are enduring.” Explain this statement with examples.
• 4 A constructive attitude is crucial for public servants dealing with complex challenges and high-pressure situations. What factors contribute to developing such an attitude in individuals?